Aberdeenshire HER - NJ71NE0055 - DEERS DEN

Main Details

Primary Reference	NJ71NE0055
Name	DEERS DEN
NMRS Card No.	NJ71NE28
NMRS Numlink	18584
Site Form	Crop Mark (Includes Soil Mark)
Site Condition	AP visible Only
Details	Roman camp dating to Severan period. Most of the north and south sides of the camp and fragmentary stretches of the west and east sides show as cropmarks. Field investigation revealed no surface indication of camp or road and no recent finds. A small excavation revealed a bank 5.48 m wide at base x 2.03 m high, and a ditch 2.43 - 3.04 m wide. Two possible field ovens were found on the interior of the fort. A programme of archaeological investigation was undertaken in 1996-7 by CFA along the route of the A96 Kintore bypass, including examination of the northern and western perimeters of the temporary camp. A total length of 58 m of the perimeter ditch was exposed. It was excavated at the ditch terminal and three sections along its length. Fills of the ditch indicated gradual silting up. On the surface a band of gravel was noticeable along the eastern edge and represents where the defensive bank had eroded back into the ditch. No evidence for re-cutting visible in the main length of the ditch, although the terminal revealed clear traces of being re-cut by a pit. The titulus was located 12 m west of the line of the perimeter ditch. It was 12 m long. No diagnostic artefacts were recovered from either the fill of the perimeter ditch or the titulus. A series of pits extending along the inside edge of the camps perimeter ditch may represent the remains of a light fence respecting the line of the ditch, but it is difficult to demonstrate that these features were contemporary with the initial use of the camp. The excavation also revealed a dense spread of plough truncated features of various periods. This included a spread of pits containing Neolithic material: plain bowls, flint, quartz, Arran pitchstone, a leaf shaped arrowhead, and burnt hazelnut shells. One pit contained decorated sherds of either late Neolithic Impressed Ware or an urn. The remains of four possible structures were recorded. Structure 1 consisted of a shallow scoop containing numerous sherds of coarse pottery surrounded by truncated post-holes and pits. Structure 2 was extremely truncated and consisted of a concentration of very shallow pits and stakeholes. Structure 3 consisted of a shallow circular scoop (circa 0.25 m deep) and circa 10 m in diameter. It had a slight ring ditch enclosing a central area circa 6 m long by 4 m wide, which bore traces of ard marks. There was a four-post arrangement to the southeast presumably for a porched entrance. The structural timbers appear to be located around the outer edge of the scoop. Finds from this structure include portions of two crushed coarse ware vessels. Structure 4 consisted of an arc of burnt material and a number of post-holes. There is a possible hearth in the centre of the structure. To the north and east of the burnt arc there was a shallow curvilinear slot that cut across the top of the infilled Roman ditch. In 2000, plans to build houses on site (Forest Road development) resulted in large-scale excavation by AOC May - Dec 2000 (see NJ71NE0204). An evaluation by AOC in March 2002 on a circa 1ha proposed development site at Henderson Drive recorded archaeological remains ranging in date from Neolithic to the Roman period, including a possible henge, five possible ring ditch houses and 13 Roman ovens. In 2003-4 evaluation and excavation were carried out by AOC in advance of a new Primary School (NJ71NE0182), with the southwest corner of the camp. A watching brief carried out in 2004 by S. Farrell at a site on Forrest Road revealed shallow ditch within camp perimeter, no archaeological finds.
Last Update	27/02/2025

National Grid Reference: NJ 7873 1619

Easting: 354870, Northing: 807390

Compiler
Date of Compilation	11/06/1981

Event Details

Event Date	Event Type
1905	Excavation
1905	Excavation
1905	Watching-Brief
1905	Evaluation
1905	Evaluation

Excavations and Surveys

Date M	Date Y	Type	Director / Organisation	Auspices	Fund	Extent
	2003	Excavation	AOC	AOC	DEV	10
4	1996		DEREK ALEXANDER	CFA	SO
	2000		Murray Cook	AOC	DEV
	2002		Murray Cook	AOC	DEV

Artefact and Ecofact

Ecofact

Samples	Samples of charcoal and grain from field ovens.
Palynology
Ecofact Notes

Monument Types

Monument Type 1	Monument Type 2	Monument Type 3	Order	Probability
METAL-WORKINGS			BG	100
HENGES			BH	60
PITS			G	100
FLINTS			H	100
FLAKES	QUARTZ		I	100
PITCHSTONES			J	100
ARROWHEADS	FLINT	LEAF-SHAPED	K	100
POTTERY		IMPRESSED	L	90
POST-HOLES			M	100
POTTERY		COARSE	N	100
RING-DITCHES		REMAINS OF	O	100
ARD-MARKS		REMAINS OF	P	100
HUT-STANCES		REMAINS OF	Q	100
SOUTERRAINS		REMAINS OF	R	100
SLOTS	CURVILINEAR	REMAINS OF	S	100
FLINTS	SCATTER		T	100
BARROWS		REMAINS OF	U	90
PITS	CREMATION		V	100
ENCLOSURES	RECTILINEAR	DITCHED	W	100
ROUND-HOUSES	RING-GROOVE		X	100
PALISADES		REMAINS OF	Y	100
POTTERY		GROOVED-WARE	Z	100
AXES	STONE		AA	100
BEAKERS			AB	100
BURIALS	BEAKER		AC	100
BOWLS		ROUND-BASED	AD	100
URNS			AE	100
POTTERY		FLAT-RIM WARE	AF	100
POTTERY		CARINATED	AG	100
VESSELS		LUGGED	AH	100
VESSELS		BUCKET-SHAPED	AI	100
BEAKERS		FOLDED	AJ	100
POTTERY		GREY WARE	AK	100
POTTERY		RED GRITTY	AL	100
POTTERY		FINE RED WARE	AM	100
POTTERY		YORKSHIRE WARE	AN	100
SLAG			AO	100
SCYTHES	IRON	REMAINS OF	AP	100
AXES	IRON		AQ	100
KNIVES	IRON	REMAINS OF	AR	100
BLADES	IRON		AS	100
HOOPS	BUCKET	REMAINS OF	AT	100
PINS	LINCH		AU	100
NAILS			AV	100
RINGS	SPIRAL		AW	100
HEARTHS			AX	100
STONES		CUP-MARKED	AY	100
QUERN-STONES		SLUG	AZ	100
QUERN-STONES	SAUCER		BA	100
RUBBING-STONES			BB	100
SCRAPERS	FLINT		BC	100
KNIVES	FLINT		BD	100
AWLS	FLINT		BE	100
STONES		PERFORATED	BF	100
OVENS	FIELD		E	100
LATRINES			F	100
CAMPS	TEMPORARY	AP VISIBLE	A	100
CAMPS		SEVERAN	B	100
DITCHES		V-SHAPE	C	100
CROPMARKS		AP VISIBLE	D	100

Google Map for NJ71NE0055

National Status

Regional Status

Regional Status
Site of Regional Significance

Photo Details

Source	Reference	Photo Type	Film Type	Date
CUC	CDV 37-39	Air-oblique	Black & White	31/07/1977
AAS	CNU 20-26	Ground	Colour Negative	01/07/2001
GRA		Ground	Polaroid	11/06/1981
NMR	AB 4022-3	Air-oblique	Black & White	01/01/1976
GRA	CP 7a	Ground	Black & White	21/08/1984
CUC	D 61-63	Air-oblique	Black & White	28/07/1945
CUC	Q 99-100	Air-oblique	Black & White	01/08/1946
CUC	V 20-21	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/07/1947
CUC	DE 60-71	Air-oblique	Black & White	05/07/1949
CUC	GQ 11-13	Air-oblique	Black & White	14/07/1952
CUC	XD 3-9	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/07/1958
CUC	AAF 43-48	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/07/1959
CUC	ACG 68-73	Air-oblique	Black & White	22/07/1960
	ADY 16-18	Air-oblique	Black & White	19/07/1961
CUC	AGL 11-13	Air-oblique	Black & White	23/07/1962
CUC	AKD 15-17	Air-oblique	Black & White	23/07/1964
CUC	ATI 2-7	Air-oblique	Black & White	26/07/1967
CUC	BHB 51-55	Air-oblique	Black & White	01/08/1971
CUC	BJX 16-20	Air-oblique	Black & White	20/07/1972
CUC	BKF 85-88	Air-oblique	Black & White	28/07/1972
CUC	BOG 55-59	Air-oblique	Black & White	22/07/1973
CUC	BOP 65	Air-oblique	Black & White	28/07/1973
CUC	K17AG 120-121	Air-oblique	Black & White	28/07/1973
CUC	BRD 30-33	Air-oblique	Black & White	02/08/1974
CUC	BVD 78-82	Air-oblique	Black & White	26/07/1975
CUC	CAF 6-8	Air-oblique	Black & White	21/07/1976
CUC	CAF 13-15	Air-oblique	Black & White	21/07/1976
AAS	AAS/95/08/G24/1-13	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/08/1995
AAS	AAS/95/08/G23/14-5	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/08/1995
AAS	AAS/96/13/G36/11-5	Air-oblique	Black & White	13/08/1996
AAS	AAS/96/13/CT12-16, 18	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	13/08/1996
AAS	AAS/96/15/G38/13-5	Air-oblique	Black & White	27/08/1996
AAS	AAS/96/15/CT1-5,7-21	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	27/08/1996
AAS	AAS/00/08/CT55-65	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	16/06/2000
AAS	AAS/00/12/G29/18-23, 26-7	Air-oblique	Black & White	25/08/2000
AAS	AAS/00/12/CT10-28	Air-oblique	Colour Negative	25/08/2000
AAS	AAS/00/14/G34/1,2,5,6	Air-oblique	Black & White	05/10/2000
AAS	AAS/00/14/CT1-7	Air-oblique	Black & White	05/10/2000
AAS	AAS/00/15/CT1-7	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	15/11/2000
GRA	GR/00/CT539-47	Ground	Colour Transparency	13/11/2000
AAS	AAS/00/15/G37/1-8	Air-oblique	Black & White	15/11/2000
AAS	GR/02/G400-406	Ground	Colour Transparency
AAS	AAS/05/2/CT60-2	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	17/06/2005
AAS	AAS/06/2/DG170-5	Air-oblique		18/07/2006
AAS	AAS/06/2/CT15-18	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	18/07/2006
AAS	AAS/95/8/CT22, 25,27,29	Air-oblique	Colour Transparency	15/08/1995
AAS	AAS/GR/96/CT146-155	Ground	Colour Transparency	16/08/1996
AAS	AAS/GR/02/CT12-13	Ground	Colour Transparency	01/04/2002
AAS	GR/02/CTG400-406	Ground	Digital	01/06/2002
AAS	AAS-GR-03-09-009 - 015	Ground	Digital	25/09/2003

Bibliographic Detail

Bib Ref No	Title	Author	Date	Others	Editor	Published	Details	Date M	Date Y
00085	DES	D ALEXANDER	1996			CSA. EDINBURGH	8-9		1996
01964	DES	A.R. REES	1996			CSA. EDINBURGH	9		1996
02477	EARLY HISTORY OF KINTORE	AA WATT	1864				20,150		1864
00294	TOPOGRAPHY OF ROMAN SCOTLAND	OGS CRAWFORD	1949			CAMBRIDGE	113-115		1949
02239	JRS 59, 104-128	JK ST.JOSEPH	1969				118		1969
02240	DES,11-12	AN SHEPHERD	1984					6	1984
02241	EXCAVATIONS AT KINTORE ROMAN TEMPORARY CAMP, 1984. PSAS 116(1985-86) 205-9	AN SHEPHERD	1986				205-9	6	1986
00306	PSAS 7(1866-68) 387-94	EH COURTNEY	1868				387-394		1868
00073	A96 KINTORE BYPASS. ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION; DATA STRUCTURE REPORT NO. 274	D ALEXANDER	1999			CFA, Edinburgh	REPORT No 274		1996
11155	KINTORE. CURRENT ARCHAEOLOGY 194 (OCT/NOV 2004) 84-89	M COOK	2004	Y					2004
02713	DES:DEER'S DEN, KINTORE.RADIOCARBON DATES	D ALEXANDER	1999			CSA. EDINBURGH			1999
00848	KINTORE BYPASS:DESKTOP ASSESSMENT	D.B. GALLAGHER	1992					11	1992
02796	HENDERSON DRIVE, KINTORE: DRAFT POST-EX RESEAR DES		2002						2002
00075	A96 KINTORE BYPASS DEER'S DEN AND TAVELTY EXCAVATIONS; DATA STRUCTURE REPORT	D ALEXANDER	1996			No. 311	REPORT No. 311	12	1996
06098	Deer's Den, Kintore. DES 2000 p10-11	M. COOK	2000			CSA, EDINBURGH	p10-11		2000
06104	Forest Road, Kintore. DES 2001, p11	M. COOK	2002	N		CSA, EDINBURGH	p11		2002
01145	ROMAN CAMPS IN SCOTLAND.	H.R JONES	2011				246		2011
00668	Watching Brief Forrest Road, Kintore	S Farrell	2004						2004
03089	REVISED POST-EX RESARCH DESIGN, KINTORE PS	L DUNBAR	2006				AOC project 4479		2006
03100	KINTORE RESIDENTIAL DEV: WRITTEN SCHEME OF INVESTI	L. DUNBAR	2000			AOC, EDINBURGH			2000
00990	A96 KINTORE & BLACKBURN BYPASS WATCHING BRIEF	J. HAMILTON	1997	Y		CFA, EDINBURGH, REPORT 360			1997
03465	DES VOL5, 2004	C HATHERLEY	2005			CSA: EDINBURGH	P.16		2005
03210	DES VOL5, 2004	S FARRELL	2005			CSA: EDINBURGH	P.16		2005
06220	DES VOL5, 2004	L DUNBAR	2005			CSA: EDINBURGH	P.16-17		2005
03476	DEERS DEN, KINTORE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT : DATA STRUCTURE REPORT	C. HATHERLEY	2004	N	N				2004
06226	SUMMARY REPORT ON KINTORE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT	L. DUNBAR	2000						2000
06227	HENDERSON DRIVE, KINTORE-EXCAVATION DSR	L. DUNBAR	2002						2002
06173	AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AT HENDERSON DRIVE, KINTORE: DATA STRUCTURE REPORT	M COOK	2002	Y			DSR		2002
06174	KINTORE PRIMARY SCHOOL, PLEASURE PARK EVALUATION	M COOK	2003	N		AOC No. 4140			2003
06175	EXCAVATION OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT, FOREST RD, KIN	M. COOK	2001	n		AOC 3257			2001
02788	DEERS DEN, KINTORE, RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT: POST EXCAVATION RESEARCH DESIGN JULY 2004		2004						2004
02789	HENDERSON DRIVE, KINTORE: EXCAVATION. WRITTEN SCHEME OF INVESTIGATION		2002				WSI		2002
02790	KINTORE PRIMARY SCHOOL GREENFIELD SITE & YARDS - WSI		2003						2003
02791	KINTORE PRIMARY SCHOOL PLEASURE PARK- WSI		2003						2003
02792	POST EXCAVATION RESEARCH DESIGN: FOREST ROAD, KINTORE		2001						2001
02793	forest rd, kintore-work completed on post-ex		2003				02/10/2003		2003
02794	AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AT FOREST ROAD, KINTORE, ABERDEENSHIRE: DATA STRUCTURE REPORT,		2001			Vol 2 Part 1	Vol2 Part1		2001
02795	AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION OF A PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT AT FOREST ROAD, KINTORE, ABERDEENSHIRE: DATA STRUCTURE REPORT		2001			Vol 2 Part2	Vol2 part 2		2001
05701	KINTORE RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT, ABERDEENSHIRE: ARCHAEOLOGICAL WORKS - WSI		2000				WSI		2000
05702	STEWART MILNE HOME'S PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT KINTORE: REVISED WSI 28/01/04		2004					1	2004
06176	EXCAVATION OF PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT, FOREST ROAD, KINTORE - DSR VOL 1		2001			AOC 3257	DSR	7	2001
18227	THE TIMBER MONUMENTS OF NEOLITHIC SCOTLAND	K MILLICAN	2016			BAR British Series 623	p. 125		2016
16188	EXCAVATION OF NEOLITHIC PITS, LATER PREHIST STRUCTURES AND A ROMAN TEMP CAMP - A96 KINTORE/BLACKBURN BYPASS, IN PSAS 130, 11-75	D ALEXANDER	2000						2000

Location

Historic Administrative Area Name	Kintore
Positional Accuracy	Centred at
Buffer Zone	5-10m
Buffer Type	Bespoke
Capture Scale	Unknown
Spatial Feature Type	Polygon: Known Site Extent

Environment

Constraints	No access.
Altitude	50
Geology
Topography	Gentle slope
Aspect 1	N
Aspect 2	Open
Current Land Use	Arable
Vegetation
Soil Type	3s
Hydrology

Measurements

Plan	Y
Shape 1	Rectangular
Shape 2	Open
Diameter	0
Length	0
Width	0
Thickness	0
Depth	0
Area	0
Height

Historic Land Use

Period Details

Period	Order	Probability	Radiocarbon Dates
Mesolithic (8000 - 4000 BC)	A	100	4982 BC - 4781 BC
Later Iron Age (400 BC - 1 AD)	D	100	382 BC - 174 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	44 BC - 219 AD
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	62 AD - 421 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	405 BC - 191 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1502 BC - 1300 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1595 BC - 1318 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1611 BC - 1425 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1611 BC - 1425 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1607 BC - 1404 BC
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	29 AD - 220 AD
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	71 AD - 235 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	40 BC - 125 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	41 BC - 131 AD
Early Medieval (400 - 900 AD)	F	100	685 AD - 950 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	36 BC - 133 AD
Mesolithic (8000 - 4000 BC)	A	100	4299 BC - 3965 BC
Later Iron Age (400 BC - 1 AD)	D	100	402 BC - 209 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1193 BC - 911 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1266 BC - 1006 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	796 BC - 509 BC
Later Iron Age (400 BC - 1 AD)	D	100	356 BC - 51 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3977 BC - 3716 BC
Mesolithic (8000 - 4000 BC)	A	100	4230 BC - 3961 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3956 BC - 3712 BC
Early Medieval (400 - 900 AD)	F	95	637 AD - 966 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	815 BC - 415 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1192 BC - 837 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1367 BC - 1000 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	382 BC - 46 BC
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	57 AD - 341 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	360 BC - 53 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	474 BC - 171 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	2010 BC - 1767 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3796 BC - 3646 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	809 BC - 544 BC
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	80 AD - 318 AD
Early Medieval (400 - 900 AD)	F	90	415 AD - 615 AD
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3891 BC - 3647 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3771 BC - 3636 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	999 BC - 815 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1002 BC - 826 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1890 BC - 1684 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1531 BC - 1317 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1616 BC - 1424 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1608 BC - 1413 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1688 BC - 1459 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1292 BC - 1020 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3322 BC - 2905 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3358 BC - 3030 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	41 BC - 126 AD
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	D	100	29 AD - 233 AD
Roman Iron Age (1 AD - 250 AD)	E	100	343 AD - 542 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	896 BC - 561 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	797 BC - 517 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	2016 BC - 1771 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1893 BC - 1693 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1617 BC - 1447 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1608 BC - 1430 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1531 BC - 1409 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	171 BC - 25 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	390 BC - 203 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	382 BC - 174 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	363 BC - 108 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	374 BC - 118 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	370 BC - 115 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	361 BC - 95 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	346 BC - 43 BC
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	23 AD - 215 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	26 AD - 217 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	70 AD - 250 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	81 AD - 253 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	92 AD - 327 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	85 AD - 322 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	132 AD - 342 AD
Iron Age (800 BC - 400 AD)	D	100	133 AD - 345 AD
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1229 BC - 1027 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1593 BC - 1416 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1520 BC – 1412 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1600 BC – 1417 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1519 BC – 1412 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1611 BC – 1447 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1520 BC – 1412 BC
Neolithic (4000 - 2500 BC)	B	100	3982 BC – 3803 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1374 BC – 1120 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1217 BC – 1026 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1494 BC – 1300 BC
Bronze Age (2200 BC - 800 BC)	C	100	1608 BC – 1427 BC

Period Notes

OxA-8131 a single piece of oak roundwood charcoal from pit containing flint, pitchstone and Neolithic pottery: 4940 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -25.5) which equals 3796 BC – 3646 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8132 a single charred hazelnut shell from pit containing burnt bone, lithics and Neolithic pottery: 4945 BP (Er: 40, d13C: -25.2) which equals 3891 BC – 3647 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8133 a single charred hazelnut shell from a pit containing Neolithic pottery, lithics and burnt bone: 4895 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -24.7) which equals 3771 BC – 3636 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8134 a single charred hazelnut shell from pit containing charcoal and hazelnut shells: 3545 BP (Err: 35, d13C: -25.2) which equals 2010 BC – 1767 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8137 a single piece of hazel roundwood charcoal from a large shallow scoop surrounded by postholes. Formed a structure c.10m in diameter which contained pottery, flint and burnt bone: 2750 BP (Err: 45, d13c: -26.7) which equals 999 BC – 815 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8138 a single piece of oak roundwood charcoal from large shallow scoop that was surrounded by postholes, and formed a structure with a 10m diameter containing pottery, flint and burnt bone: 2760 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -25.4) which equals 1002 BC – 826 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8139 a single piece of oak roundwood charcoal from posthole (NW) in a 4 post arrangement, forming entrance to the ring ditch structure: 3460 BP (Err:40, d13C: -26.9) which equals 1890 BC – 1684 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8169 single piece of oak roundwood charcoal from NE posthole of 4 post arrangement, forming the entrance to a ring ditch structure: 3170 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -26.3) which equals 1531 BC – 1317 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8170 single piece of hazel roundwood charcoal from charcoal rich strar in lower fill of ring ditch: 3235 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -26.7) which equals 1616 BC – 1424 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8171 single piece of hazel roundwood charcoal from charcoal rich layer in lower fill of ring ditch,sample near an almost complete smashed pot: 3215 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -25.0) which equals 1608 BC – 1413 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8172 single piece of charcoal of birch roundwood, from charcoal rich layer in lower fill of ring ditch: 3295 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -27.3) which equals 1688 BC – 1459 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8173 single piece of charcoal of birch roundwood, from a pit set in ditch of ring ditch house: 2945 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -23.6) which equals 1292 BC – 1020 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8174 single piece of hazel roundwood charcoal from charcoal rich shallow crescentic ditch: 2560 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -26.2) which equals 809 BC – 544 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8175 a single piece of charcoal of birch roundwood from charcoal rich crescentic ditch: 1830 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -26.1) which equals 80 AD – 318 AD at 2 sigma. OxA-8176 organic residue on pot from small pit: 4395 BP (Err: 45, d13C:26.3) which equals 3322 BC – 2905 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8177 organic residue on pot in small pit: 4500 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -26.9) which equals 3358 BC – 3030 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8178 single piece of charcoal of hazel roundwood from a pit associated with an oven base: 1955 BP (Err:40, d13C: -24.5) which equals 41 BC – 126 AD at 2 sigma. OxA-8179 single piece of charcoal of alder roundwood from a pit associated with an oven base: 1885 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -26.3) which equals 29 AD – 233 AD at 2 sigma. OxA-8180 rectangular piece of oak charcoal from a dumb bell shaped feature: 1620 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -25.9)(see also OxA-8244) which equals 343 AD – 542 AD at 2 sigma. OxA-8181 single piece of charcoal of hazel roundwood from NE posthole of a four post setting: 2610 BP (Err: 45, d13C: -26.5) which equals 896 BC – 561 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8182 single piece of birch roundwood charcoal from SW posthole of four post setting: 2520 BP (Err: 40, d13C: -26.6) which equals 797 BC – 517 BC at 2 sigma. OxA-8244 single charred barley seed from dumb bell shaped feature (see also OxA-8180): 1540 BP (Err:50, d13C: -23.4) which equals 415 AD – 615 AD at 2 sigma. (Ashmore 1999). RC dates from 2004 evaluation/excavation: SUERC-7097 buried soil 5980 BP +/-35 (which equals 4982 BC - 4781 BC at 2 sigma). Three samples from timber circle SUERC-7098 3555 BP (Err 35) which equals 2016 BC – 1771 BC at 2 sigma, SUERC-7092 3480 BP (Err 35) which equals 1893 BC – 1693 BC at 2 sigma, SUERC-7096 3255 BP (Err 35) which equals 1617 BC – 1447 BC at 2 sigma. Three samples from roundhouse 3 SUERC-7087 3230 BP (Err 35) which equals 1608 BC – 1430 BC at 2 sigma, SUERC-7107 3200 BP (Err 35) which equals 1531 BC – 1409 BC at 2 sigma, SUERC-7088 2050 BP (Err 35 - possibly contaminated) which equals 171 BC – 25 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7091 from a complex pit 2235 BP (Err35) which equals 390 BC – 203 BC at 2 sigma. Two samples from roundhouse 1 SUERC-6765 2200 BP (Err40) which equals 382 BC – 174 BC at 2 sigma, SUERC-7078 2165 BP (Err 35) which equals 363 BC – 108 BC at 2 sigma. SUERC-7077 from a complex pit 2180 BP (Err 35) which equals 374 BC – 118 BC at 2 sigma. SUERC-7079 from a fire pit 2175 BP (err 35 - possibly contaminated) which equals 370 BC – 115 BC at 2 sigma. SUERC-7079 from roundhouse 2 2160 BP (Err 35) which equals 361 BC – 95 BC at 2 sigma. SUERC-7076 from a pit 2110 BP (Err 35) which equals 346 BC – 43 BC at 2 sigma. SUERC-7101 1905 BP (Err 35) which equals 23 AD – 215 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7099 1900 BP (Err 35) which equals 26 AD – 217 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-6766 1850 BP (Err 40) which equals 70 AD – 250 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7089 1835 BP (Err 35) which equals 81 AD – 253 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7100 1835 BP (Err 35) which equals 81 AD – 253 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7080 from a fire pit 1810 BP (Err 35) which equals 92 AD – 327 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7082 from a fire pit 1810 BP (Err 35) which equals 92 AD – 327 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7102 1820 BP (Err 35) which equals 85 AD – 322 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7106 1810 BP (Err 35) which equals 92 AD – 327 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7090 from a firepit 1780 BP (Err 35) which equals 132 AD – 342 AD at 2 sigma. SUERC-7086 1775 BP (Err 35) which equals 133 AD – 345 AD at 2 sigma. RC dates from Rosebank excavation 1996-7: OxA-8126 370 to 110 Cal BC; OxA-8127 80 to 320 Cal AD; OxA-8128 240 to 410 Cal AD. RC dates - calibration calculated with OxCal 4.2 : AA-52399 - charcoal, 1930+/-55, calibrated to 44 BC - 219 AD (at 2 sigma); AA-52400 - charcoal, 1865 +/- 40, calibrated to 62 -421 AD (2 sigma); AA-52401 - charcoal, 2255 +/- 55, calibrated to 405 -191 BC (2 sigma); AA-52402 - charcoal, 3145 +/- 40, calibrated to 1502 - 1300 BC (2 sigma); AA-53403 – 3180 +/- 40, calibrated to 1595 – 1318 BC (2 sigma); AA-52404 – 3225 +/- 40, calibrated to 1611 – 1425 BC (2 sigma); AA-52405 – 3200 +/- 40, calibrated to 1607 – 1404 BC; AA-53406 – 1895 +/- 35, calibrated to 29 – 220 AD (2 sigma); AA-5207 – 1865 +/- 35, calibrated to 71 – 235 AD (2 sigma); AA-52408 – 1955 +/- 35, calibrated to 40 BC – 125 AD (2 sigma); AA-52409 – 1945 +/- 40, calibrated to 41 BC to 131 AD (2 sigma); AA-52410 – 1205 +/- 45, calibrated to 685 – 950 AD (2 sigma); AA-52411 – 1935 +/-35, calibrated to 36 BC – 133 AD (2 sigma); AA-52412 – 5235 +/- 45, calibrated to 4299 – 3965 BC (2 sigma); AA-52413 – 2275 +/- 35, calibrated to 402 – 209 BC (2 sigma); AA-52414 – 2860 +/- 45, calibrated to 1193 – 911 BC (2 sigma); AA-52415 – 2935 +/- 45, calibrated to 1266 – 1006 BC (2 sigma); AA-52416 – 2510 +/-40, calibrated to 796 – 509 BC (2 sigma); AA-52417 – 2140 /- 40, calibrated to 356 – 51 BC (2 sigma); AA-52418 – 5080 +/- 50, calibrated to 3977 – 3716 BC (2 sigma); AA-52419 – 5230 +/- 50, calibrated to 4230 – 3961 BC (2 sigma); AA-52420 – 5040 +/- 50, calibrated to 3956 – 3712 BC (2 sigma); GU-10535 – 1270 +/-80, calibrated to 637 - 966 AD (2 sigma); GU-10537 – 2540 +/- 80, calibrated to 815 – 415 BC (2 sigma); GU-10539 – 2830 +/- 60, calibrated to 1192 – 837 BC (2 sigma); GU-10542 – 2940 +/-50, calibrated to 1367 – 1000 BC (2 sigma); GU-10545 – 2160 +/- 70, calibrated to 382 – 46 BC (2 sigma); GU-10548 – 1830 +/- 60, calibrated to 57 – 341 AD (2 sigma); GU-10549 – 2150 +/- 50, calibrated to 360 – 53 BC (2 sigma); GU-10650 - 2270 +/- 60, calibrated to 474 – 171 BC (2 sigma). SUERC-63432 (GU39018) culm node – 2937 +/- 31 BP, calibrated to 1229-1027 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63433 (GU39019) charcoal: betula – 3206 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1593 – 1416 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63435 (GU39020) charcoal: betula – 3192 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1520 – 1412 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63435 (GU39021) charcoal: corylus avellana – 3213 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1600 – 1417 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63439 (GU39022) charcoal: corylus avellana – 3191 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1519 – 1412 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63440 (GU39023) charcoal: betula – 3245 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1611 – 1447 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-63441 (GU39024) pot residue – 3192 +/-31 BP, calibrated to 1520 – 1412 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-69751 (GU42082) charcoal: betula – 5122 +/-30 BP, calibrated to 3982 – 3803 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-69755 (GU42083) charcoal: betula – 2992 +/-30 BP, calibrated to 1374 – 1120 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-69756 (GU42084) charcoal: corylus avellana – 2928 +/-30 BP, calibrated to 1217 – 1026 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-69757 (GU42085) charcoal: corylus – 3129 +/-30 BP, calibrated to 1494 – 1300 cal BC (2 sigma); SUERC-69758 (GU42086) cereal grain: indet – 3223 +/-32 BP, calibrated to 1608 – 1427 cal BC (2 sigma).

Architect Details

Maritime Archaeology

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