Aberdeenshire HER - NK06SW0001 - CAIRNBULG CASTLE

Main Details

Primary ReferenceNK06SW0001
NameCAIRNBULG CASTLE
NMRS Card No.NK06SW3
NMRS Numlink21142
Site Form Standing Structure
Site Condition Complete 2
Details Cairnbulg Castle is built on a mound which was probably originally a motte, subsequently cut down into a platform for the existing stone buildings. It was surrounded by a moat, of which there is now no trace. Originally named Philorth, it belonged to the Comyns but was confiscated and given by Bruce to John Ross, son of the Earl of Ross, in 1306.It came by marriage into the hands of Sir Alexander Fraser of Cowie in 1375. In 1615 it was renamed Cairnbulg. In 1896-7 the castle was extensively restored by Mr John Duthie and is now inhabited. The castle consists of a large and strong keep, perhaps mid 13th-15th Century, with a vaulted basement and Hall. The floor above the Hall is particularly interesting in that it has, in the southwest angle, a mural chamber from which descends a small turnpike stair to a pit or prison in the thickness of the masonry. A later long house known as the 'low work' is attached to the castle's southeast corner. This in turn connects with a 16th Century round tower at the low work's southeast corner. This tower is a storey lower than the keep and was probably originally a flanking tower. It has a dome-vaulted basement with apertures for three wide splayed gunloops. When restored, the two halves were repaired and roofed and a new building, embodying the remnants of the old walls, was erected between them. The whole building is now harled. To the south of the castle the historic OS maps show a large walled garden. A watching brief in 1998 within the walled garden during topsoil stripping for a tennis court recorded no archaeological features or artefacts.
Last Update05/02/2024

National Grid Reference: NK 0167 6393


Easting: 359011, Northing: 866131

Compiler 
Date of Compilation 

Event Details

Event DateEvent Type
1905 Watching-Brief

Excavations and Surveys


Artefact and Ecofact


Ecofact

Samples 
Palynology 
Ecofact Notes 

Monument Types

Monument Type 1Monument Type 2Monument Type 3OrderProbability
MOTTES REMAINS OFA100
MOATS SITE OFB100
CASTLES  C100
KEEPSRECTANGULAR D100
PARAPETS  E100
CAP-HOUSES  F100
TOWERSSTAIR G100
CELLARS VAULTEDH100
HALLS VAULTEDI100
FIREPLACES  J100
SEATS WINDOWK100
CHAMBERSMURAL L100
GARDEROBES  M100
AUMBRIES  N100
PRISONSMURAL O100
TOWERSROUND P100
BASEMENTS DOME-SHAPEDQ100
GUN-LOOPS SPLAYEDR100
CASTLES RESTOREDS100
GARDENSWALLED T100

Google Map for NK06SW0001


National Status

National Status
Listed Building, Category A

Regional Status

Regional Status
Site of Regional Significance

Photo Details

SourceReferencePhoto TypeFilm TypeDate
AASAAS/00/04/G13/4-8 Air-oblique Black & White 15/02/2000
AASAAS/00/04/CT56-9 Air-oblique Colour Transparency 15/02/2000
AASDG1547-58 Ground Digital 24/03/2010
AASAAS/2011/2/DG3332-6 Air-oblique Infra Red 01/03/2011
AASAAS/92/06/G5/14-6 Air-oblique Black & White 24/07/1992
AASAAS/94/01/G2/10-2 Air-oblique Black & White 20/01/1994
AASAAS/86/01/S1/ii/18 Air-oblique Black & White 28/02/1986
AASAAS/GR/84/CT113 Ground Colour Transparency 01/01/1984
AASAAS/GR/89/CT298-300 Ground Colour Transparency 01/01/1989
AASAAS/GR/89/CT319-324 Ground Colour Transparency 01/01/1989
GRAJH 15-36 Ground Black & White 01/09/1989
GRAMV 1-6 Ground Black & White 01/09/1989
GRAMW 5-8 Ground Black & White 06/09/1989

Bibliographic Detail

Bib Ref NoTitleAuthorDateOthersEditorPublishedDetailsDate MDate Y
02006GRASS OF PARNASSUS FROM THE BENTS O’BUCHAN D SCOTT1887 Y 18, illus 1887
02157JAMES GILES - ABERDEENSHIRE CASTLES 1990   p.5 1990
07091CAIRNBULIG CASTLE NEAR FRASERBURGH, ABERDEENSHIRE: CONDITIONS REPORT AND SCHEDULE OF WORKS  1988   Condition report 1988
07092CAIRNBULG CASTLE, FRASERBURGH: ARCHITECT'S REPORT 1977   Architects report 1988
02265BUILDINGS OF ARCHITECTURAL & HISTORICAL INTEREST     RATHEN 7  
01410CASTEL & DOM ARCH OF SCOT VOL2T MACGIBBON1887Y EDINBURGH309-13 1887
02094CAIRNBULG CASTLE, ABERDEENSHIREW. D. SIMPSON1949  PSAS 83 (1948-9) pp32-4432-44 1949
02399FORTIFIED HOUSE IN SCOT VOL 4N TRANTER1977   27-9 1977
00142BUCHAN OBSERVER 0   27/06/89 - photo61989
05898"RESTORATION" IN TRANSACTIONS OF THE BUCHAN FIELD CLUB (1989) 18, PT IV, 9-17ID BRYCE1989     1989
01307CASTELLATED ARCHITECTURE OF ABERDEENSHIREA LEITH-HAY1849  ABERDEENpp 105-6 1849
05949EARLY CASTLES OF ABERDEENSHIREN BOGDAN2008     2008

Location

Historic Administrative Area Name Rathen
Positional Accuracy Centred at
Buffer Zone 15-20m
Buffer Type Bespoke
Capture Scale Unknown
Spatial Feature Type Polygon: Known Site Extent

Environment

Constraints Privately owned, access by arrangement - easy access.
Altitude7
Geology 
Topography Mound
Aspect 1360
Aspect 2 Open
Current Land Use Residential
Vegetation
Soil Type3s
Hydrology 

Measurements

Plan 
Shape 1
Shape 2
Diameter 
Length 
Width 
Thickness 
Depth 
Area 
Height 

Historic Land Use


Period Details

PeriodOrderProbabilityRadiocarbon DatesDate BuiltDate of DestructionDate of Loss
Early Medieval (400 - 900 AD) A100    
Medieval (1100 - 1560 AD) B100    
Post-Medieval (from 1560 AD) C100    
Modern (1900 - 2050) D100    

Period Notes

Period Notes Early Medieval motte; current structure perhaps mid-13thC; Philorth given by Bruce to John Ross in 1306; passed to Frasers 1375; upper floors added 15thC; smaller circular tower added and linked to main building 1545; sold due to debt and renamed Cairnbulg 1615; abandoned and linking building demolished 1799; restoration from ruins 1896-7; further restoration sometime between 1900-1951.

Architect Details

Architect Details Jenkins and Marr, architectural practice 1896-7; Harbourne Maclennan and Jenkins and Marr, architects 20thC.

Maritime Archaeology

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